Footnotes / 291

19. John S. Umble, Ohio Mennonite Sunday Schools (Goshen, Ind.: The Mennonite Historical Society, 1941), p. 183.

8. Transitions, Leaders, and Changing Churches (1865-1900)

1. Quoted in J. C. Wenger, The Mennonites in Indiana and Michigan (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1961), pp. 54, 55.

2. HT, IV (November 1868), p. 171.

3. Ibid., XXII (Dec. 15, 1886), pp. 379, 380.

4. Ibid., XXXIII (Oct. 15, 1895), p. 317.

5. John S. Umble, "John Brenneman," ME 1:418. 6. HT, VI (July 1869), pp. 104, 105.

7. M. S. Steiner, "The Ohio Conference," Hartzler and Kauffman, op. cit., p. 268.

8. John S. Umble, "David Plank," ME, IV:185, 186.

9. John Thut, "History of South Union Church," GH XLVII (Jan. 26, 1954), pp. 93, 94.

10. A. I. Yoder, "Bishop John K. Yoder," GH, XXII (Sept. 5, 1929), pp. 475, 476.

11. John Umble, "The Oak Grove-Pleasant Hill Amish Mennonite Church in Wayne County,

Ohio, in the Nineteenth Century (1815-1900)," MQR, XXXI (July 1957), p. 166. 12. Ibid., p. 198.

13. Ibid., p. 220.

14. Ibid., p. 219.

15. John A. Hostetler, "Amish Problems at the Diener Versammlungen,' ML, IV (October 1949), p. 38.

16. John Umble, "Early Mennonite Sunday Schools of Northwestern Ohio," MQR, V (July 1931), p. 187.

17. HT, XXXI (Mar. 15, 1894), p. 88; XLII (June 22, 1905), p. 196. 18. Orland Grieser, op. cit., p. 99.

19. Ibid., p. 99.

20. OEMCR: Maple Grove congregation, Atglen, Pa.

21. Personal Notes and Letter from John S. Mast, 1941. 22. OEMCR: Allensville congregation, Allensville, Pa.

23. John A. Hostetler, "Memoirs of Shem Zook (1798-1880): A Biography," MQR, XXXVIII

(July 1964), pp. 280-99, 303. This is an exhaustive study of the life and times of a progressive

Amish leader and includes translations of some of his important documents on church unity.

Zook lived in Mifflin County, Pennsylvania, during the time that numerous Amish migrated to

Ohio from that region. His writings reflect certain church divisions on the question of baptism

in a stream, a problem which arose also in the Ohio communities.

24. OEMCR: Long Green congregation, Long Green, Md.

25. OEMCR: Maple Grove congregation, New Wilmington, Pa.

26. "The Travel Notes of Minister Jacob B. Mensch, 1835-1912, of the Franconia Conference." Translated from the German by J. C. Wenger, MHB, VIII (January and July, 1947).

9. The Role of Conferences in Transitions and Expansion

1. Ohio Mennonite Conference Report, GH, II (June 17, 1909), pp. 182, 186.

2. The reader is referred to J. Scott Miyakawa, Protestants and Pioneers: Individualism and Conformity on the American Frontier (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964). This work points out that Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers on the frontier had many rigid disciplines by which they governed the lives of their members. The frontier had strong conformist influences as well as individualistic expressions.

3. M. S. Steiner Papers in Archives of the Mennonite Church, Goshen, Ind.

4. Sources on the Diener Versammlungen were published annually, 1862-65 and 1869 as Verhandlungen der Diener-Versammlung der Deutschen Täufer oder Amischen Mennoniten (John Baer's Sons, Lancaster, 1862-65; 1869 at Chicago). 1866-67 and 1870-78 proceedings were published under the title Bericht der Verhandlungen der Diener-Versammlungen der Amischen Mennoniten-(Diener und) Bruderschaft.

5. For a valuable interpretation see John A. Hostetler, "Amish Problems at the Diener-