Footnotes

1. The Background of Ohio Mennonites

1. George Hunston Williams, The Radical Reformation (Philadelphia, Pa.: Westminster Press, 1962). This large and inclusive work shows the many-sided aspects of the "radical Reformation" which Williams considers to be an entity in itself. For a valuable study on the social background of the Swiss Anabaptists see especially Paul Peachey, Die Soziale Herkunft der Schweizerischen Täufer, 1525-1540, a doctoral thesis at the University of Zurich in 1953. While recognizing that there may be some inadequacy in Ernst Troeltsch's threefold classification of social types in the Christian church (Kirche, Sekte, and Mystik), Peachey has nevertheless accepted these categories for his study. Peachey s study affirms two conclusions of major importance: (1) The Anabaptist movement was primarily religious in its motivation and (2) it cut across class lines with the clergy and intellectuals apparently as conspicuous as in the other phases of the Reformation. For an abstract of Peachey 's thesis see "Social Background and Social Philosophy of the Swiss Anabaptists: 1524-1540," MQR, XXVIII (April 1954), pp. 102-27.

2. John Horsch, Mennonites in Europe (Scottdale, Pa.: Mennonite Publishing House, 1942), pp. 30-69.

3. John Horsch, "The Rise of Mennonitism in the Netherlands," MQR, VIII (October 1934), pp. 147-65.

4. Roland Bainton, The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century (Boston, Mass.: Beacon Press, 1952), p. 99.

5. Rufus M. Jones, Studies in Mystical Religion (London: Macmillan Co., 1909), p. 369.

6. See Guy F. Hershberger's "The Christian's Relation to the State in Time of War: Is Alternative Service Desirable and Possible?" MQR, IX (January 1935), pp. 20-36. 7. John Horsch, Mennonites in Europe, p. 317. 8. Ibid., pp. 317, 318.

9. Ibid., p. 367.

10. John C. Wenger, "The Schleitheim Confession of Faith," MQR, XIX (October 1945), pp. 251, 252. The Schleitheim Confession is important because of its priority in the formulation of Swiss Anabaptist thought. The Swiss Brethren never produced a formal confession of faith and in this regard are contrasted with the Dutch Mennonites who formulated numerous creeds of which the 1632 Dordrecht Confession of Faith has been outstanding. The Schleitheim Confession can be considered as a statement on current church issues and as addressed to practical church needs. The use of the Schleitheim Confession as a key to Anabaptist theology and the importance of Michael Sattler in its formulation is dealt with in a doctoral thesis (1964) at Union Theological Seminary (Richmond) by Myron S. Augsburger, Michael Sattler (d. 1527: Theologian of the Swiss Brethren Movement.

11. John Horsch, Mennonites in Europe, p. 361. 12. Roland Bainton, op. cit., p. 97.

13. From a letter of Sept. 5, 1524, to Thomas Müntzer. Originally a translation of this

letter appeared in the American Journal of Theology, January 1905. It is reproduced in part on

pages 282-87, Harold S. Bender's Conrad Grebel, c. 1498-1526, The Founder of the Swiss Brethren, Sometimes Called Anabaptists (Goshen, Ind.: Mennonite Historical Society, 1950).

14. Quoted in John Horsch, Mennonites in Europe, p. 293.

15. Ernst Correll, "The Sociological and Economic Significance of Mennonites as a Cultural

Group in History," MQR, XVI (July 1942), p. 162. On the following page of this article Correll

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