Bibliographical Essay / 437

The Christian Exponent (1924-28) was a biweekly that grew out of the controversial decades in the early twentieth century. A comparison of its contents with those of the Gospel Herald for the same years yields much insight into the bifurcating forces at work in the Mennonite Church and in the Ohio Mennonite Conference and Eastern Amish Mennonite Conference. The conflicting emphases are especially noteworthy in views on higher education, interchurch cooperation, church discipline and standards, current theological views, pacifism and nonresistance, and the roles of the Mennonite Church in the context of America's cultural transitions.

The Mennonite Quarterly Review (1927- ) contains scholarly articles on Mennonite thought, history, and affairs. It covers both European and American. phases of Mennonitism and has devoted numerous articles directly to the Ohio and Eastern Conference churches and personalities. It is quite rich in reproduced original source material. The Mennonite Historical Bulletin has appeared each quarter since 1940 and carries popular but authentic materials on Mennonite history. Mennonite Life (1946- ), a quarterly, presents a wide spectrum of articles and generous illustrations on Mennonite principles, doctrines, culture, and history. The Mennonite Community (1947-53) began as a bimonthly and in 1948 became a monthly periodical. Its illustrated pages were devoted to economic, social, educational, and cultural life of the Mennonites. It placed emphasis on stewardship, brotherhood, and ethical behavior in economic affairs. Numerous Ohio and Pennsylvania communities were described in its pages.

The growth of an official conference organ began in 1947 with the Ohio Mission News Bulletin which continued into 1948. From 1949 to 1952 the Ohio Mission Evangel was published and since 1953 continues as the Ohio Evangel. This periodical, a 16-page bimonthly, is the medium not only for conference mission news; it reports on total conference activities in Christian education, youth camps, service projects, and women's activities.

Since 1954 Christian Living, a monthly successor to the Christian Monitor and The Mennonite Community, has carried articles which reflect the everyday life, church communities, and frequently features persons and churches of this study.

Public Records

The earliest appearance of names of Mennonites and Amish in America is round in the ship list records of German immigrants from 1729 to 1808. These lists have been reproduced in the work of W. J. Hinke and R. B. Strassburger, Pennsylvania German Pioneers (Norristown, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania German Society, 1934). The work is published in three volumes and contains photostatic copies of the signatures of all subscribers to the oaths or affirmations of allegiance. Volume III forms an index of the names of all Germans who entered the port of Philadelphia during the years 1729-1808.

County deed books, will books, and files are valuable and reliable sources. In Pennsylvania the chief depositories for these are in the courthouses of Berks, Chester, Lancaster, and Mifflin counties. Drafts of early land grants are in the files of the Berks Title Insurance Company at Reading, Pennsylvania. Tax lists from 1752 to 1809 are on file at the Berks County Historical Society, Reading, Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania State Archives in the Division of