IX-13-2.1
Mennonite
Central Committee
Photograph
Collection
Russian
Relief and Emigration to Paraguay, 1919-1938
6 Boxes (3 Gray, 2 Oversize Gray, 1 File in Mapcase Drawer)
Introduction
These photographs were deposited into the Archives
by Mennonite Central Committee, Akron, Pennsylvania, in 1941. Many of
the photographs originated with Orie O. Miller and his involvement with
relief in Russia.
These photographs focus on two activities of
Mennonite Central Committee (MCC) from 1919-1938. The first is
providing relief to Europe after World War I, 1919-21, and aid to
fellow Mennonites in Russia, 1920-25. Many of the photographs are found
in the book Feeding the Hungry: Russia Famine, 1919-1925, by P. C.
Hiebert and Orie O. Miller, 1929, which tells the story of MCC's relief
efforts in Russia. The book was published by Mennonite Central
Committee, Scottdale, Pennsylvania.
The second activity is MCC helping Mennonites
emigrate from Russia, 1921-29, and settle in Brazil, Canada, Paraguay
and USA, 1921-32. Included are photographs of trips to South America to
visit the Mennonite settlements there by Orie O. Miller in 1931 and by
Harold S. Bender in 1938. A secondary source on this emigration is In
the Name of Christ: A History of the Mennonite Central Committee and
Its Service, 1920-1951, by John D. Unruh, 1952. Published by Herald
Press, Scottdale, Pennsylvania.
The photographs were organized into subject
headings, placed into mylar sleeves and acid-free files and boxes by
two Goshen College students, Lance Yoder and Angela Showalter, in
1992-93.
Historical Sketch
Mennonite Central Committee began in September of
1920 in response to a desire to coordinate Mennonite relief efforts to
fellow Mennonites in Russia. Up to that time, Mennonites contributed
aid to Europe through a variety of agencies. Some gave through the
Friends Service Committee, and others with the Near East Relief. The
Red Cross also was a recipient of Mennonite aid activities.
The initial meeting of the various Mennonite aid
agencies took place at Prairie Street Mennonite Church of Elkhart,
Indiana. The meeting produced the first executive body of the Mennonite
Central Committee. The meeting elected Levi Mumaw of Scottdale,
Pennsylvania as representative of the Mennonite Church, H. H. Regier of
Mountain Lake, Minnesota from the General Conference Mennonites, and P.
C. Hiebert of Hillsboro, Kansas, from the Mennonite Brethren.
The new organization moved quickly to organize food
and supply distribution to Russia. Initially, the group was unable to
work out of Russia, and based its operations in Constantinople, Turkey,
in 1921. By December of 1921 the feeding operations had started in
Russia. The operation quickly expanded, and in May of 1922 the American
Mennonite Relief (AMR) was feeding 25,000 people on a daily basis in
South Russia.
The years 1921-1932 also saw emigration to the
United States (1921-22), Canada (1923-29), and Brazil and Paraguay
(1929-34). Most of the groups had a stopover point somewhere in Europe
before making the journey to another continent.
Historical Sketch by Lance Yoder, Goshen College
July 23, 1992
Inventory Listing
Russian Relief and Emigration to
Paraguay, 1919-1938
Box 1
(Gray)
1/1
Introduction / Provenance of Photos
1/2 Bender, H. S., Assorted, 1920s-40s
1/3 Brazil - Mennonite Settlements, 1938
1/4 Brazil - Mennonite Settlements, undated
1/5 [open file]
1/6 Canada - Emigration to Paraguay, 1921
1/7 Holland - Relief Committee, 1929-31 (1)
1/8 Holland - Relief Committee, 1929-31 (2)
This
photograph file is found in Box 5 Oversize Gray (5/1)
1/9 Mennonite Central Committee - Picture Puzzle,
undated
1/10 Paraguay - Fernheim Colony, 1930-32
1/11 Paraguay - Mennonite Settlements, 1938
1/12 Paraguay - Mennonite Settlements, undated
1/13 Paraguay - Miller, O. O., 1931 (File 1)
Includes
photographs from Brazil. Negatives #'s 1,255-1,290.
1/14 Paraguay - Miller, O. O., 1931 (File 2)
Includes
photographs from Brazil. Negatives #'s 1,291-1,326.
1/15 Paraguay - Miller, O. O., 1931 (File 3)
Includes
photographs from Brazil. Prints.
Box 2
(Gray)
2/1 Russia - Agriculture, 1922-25
2/2 Russia - Book, Feeding the Hungry
Was published by MCC in 1929.
2/3 Russia - Book, Photo Identification, 1929
2/4 Russia - Book, Photos Used, 1929
2/5 Russia - Daily Life, 1922-25
2/6 Russia - Emigration to Brazil, 1930
2/7 Russia - Emigration to Canada, 1923
2/8 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay (1)
Emigrants in Germany, 1929-30,
headed for Brazil and Paraguay.
2/9 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (2)
Scrapbook,
1929-30, given to "The Mennonites in the United States" from "The
Refugees at Camps Moeln, Hammerstein and Prenzlau, Germany, 1929-1930."
(35 photographs) Includes photographs of life in Russia, emigration out
of Russia, and the stay in Germany.
This scrapbook is found in MCC Mapcase Drawer 10, and labeled as Box
4/1, Oversize File.
2/10 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay (3)
Photographs
of ships going to Brazil and Paraguay, 1930
2/11 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay (4)
Passengers
on ship going to Paraguay, 1930
(Photo
#393, original found in folder 2/10)
This
large photograp is found in Box 5 Oversize Gray (5/2)
2/12 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay (5)
Village
Transport Groups, 1930-32
2/13 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (6)
Group
Pictures of Transport Group I, 1930-32
Includes Transport List of group to Paraguay, 15 March 1930.
This photograph file is found in Box 5 Oversize Gray (5/3)
2/14 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (7)
Group
Pictures of Transport Group II, 1930-32
This
photograph file is found in Box 5 Oversize Gray (5/4)
2/15 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (8)
Group
Pictures of Transport Group II, Children Only, 1930-32
This photograph file is found in Box 5 Oversize Gray (5/5)
2/16 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (9)
Group
Pictures of Transport Group III, 1930-32
This photograph file is found in Box 6 Oversize Gray (6/1)
2/17 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (10)
Group
Pictures of Transport Group IV, 1930-32
This photograph file is found in Box 6 Oversize Gray (6/2)
2/18 Russia - Emigration to Paraguay, (11)
Emigrants
in France, 1932
2/19 Russia - Emigration to U.S.A., 1921
2/20 Russia - Famine, 1920-25
2/21 Russia - Personnel of MCC, 1920-25
Box 3
(Gray)
3/1 Russia -
Relief, 1922-23
Photographs from D. R. Hoeppner
3/2 Russia - Relief - Children, 1922-25
3/3 Russia - Relief - Kitchens, 1922-25
3/4 Russia - Relief - Supply Sites, 1922-25
3/5 Russia - Relief - Tractors, 1922-23 (1)
3/6 Russia - Relief - Tractors, 1922-25 (2)
This photograph file is found in
Box 6 Oversize Gray (6/3)
3/7 Russia - Schools, Mennonite, 1922-23
3/8 Switzerland - Relief, 1920
3/9 Syria - Armenian Refugees, 1919-20
3/10 Turkey - Women's Home, 1921-22
________________________________________________________________________
Box 4
(Oversize File)
Located in
MCC Mapcase, Drawer 10
Photographs found in these boxes have been listed
above
Box 5
(Oversize Gray)
Found on
Shelf next to Gray Boxes
Photographs found in these boxes have been listed
above
Box 6
(Oversize Gray)
Found on
Shelf next to Gray Boxes
Photographs found in these boxes have been listed
above
Name and Subject Tracings
Name and subject tracings for the card catalog were
done only for the photographs collected by Orie O. Miller in his
involvement in the Russian Relief (IX-1-2). Included among these
photographs were the ones used in the book Feeding the Hungry (1929).
Agriculture
Armenia
Bender, Harold S.
Books - Feeding the Hungry, 1929
Children
Emigration and Immigration
Family
Near East Relief
Personnel
Refugees, Armenian
Relief
Russia
Switzerland
Syria
Turkey
Individual Photograph Index
The photographs in this collection have also been
included in the "Finding Aid for Individual Photographs." They are
numbered #301-434, and #1,001-1,326.
Inventory by:
Lance Yoder, History Practicum, Goshen College, July
23, 1992
Angela Showalter, Work/Study Student, Goshen
College, July 2, 1993
Updated by Dennis Stoesz, August 28, 1996
File: "IX130201.doc"
Mennonite Church USA Archives-Goshen, 1700 S. Main St., Goshen, Indiana
46526
|